قرآنی اصطلاح "قوام" کا تصور، قدیم و جدید مفاہیم اور عصر حاضر میں ان کی معنویت
[CONCEPT OF QURANIC TERM “QAWWAM”, CLASSIC & MODERN INTERPRETATIONS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN MODERN TIMES]
Abstract
Muslim family system is based on the Qur’anic concept of “Qawam”. According to this Qur’anic verse, men have been made "Qawam" over women.In the present situation, the Muslim family system is facing many problems due to which some important questions related to the term Qawam have come up which can be answered in the light of the definitions of Qawam, opinions of jurists and interpretations of commentators. (1) In the present times, the economic conditions have changed a lot and women's participation in household chores and responsibilities is becoming equal to that of men. Or can women join in?(2) Sometimes a woman is financially superior to a man, her share in almsgiving is complete or more than that of a man. If so, can it be a rule?(3) Sometimes a man suffers from mental or psychiatric illness or due to being physically handicapped, his family life becomes like a suspended organ and the woman becomes active instead of the man. When a woman is fulfilling all or most of the responsibilities of a man and all the reasons for the virtue of a man are present in a woman, can it be considered as Qawam or be granted the virtue of men?(4) Sometimes men move to abroad for the purpose of education or job, in the absence of which women are responsible for all the decisions of household transactions, child rearing and home care and family life, to which she is paying well. If so, can they become a shareholder in such a case?(5) In some cases, the woman is highly educated, while the man is illiterate and the woman is superior to the man in knowledge, foresight and understanding. A comprehensive selection of modern and classic Muslim scholar regarding interpretation of the Qawam and other related issues like powers and responsibilities will be discussed in this study.
Keywords: Qawwam; Concept of men superiority; Quranic Term; is the men superior? Women in Islam
Metadata Record
References 28
- Ibn Manzur al-Ifriqi. Lisan al-Arab.
- Ibrahim Mustafa et al. Al-Mu‘jam al-Wasit.
- Ahmad bin Faris al-Qazwini al-Razi. Maqayis al-Lughah.
- Ibn al-Athir al-Jazari, Majd al-Din Mubarak bin Muhammad. Al-Nihayah fi Gharib al-Hadith wa al-Athar. Beirut: Al-Maktabah al-Ilmiyyah, 1979.
- Ayni, Badr al-Din. Umdat al-Qari. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1431 AH.
- Munawi, Zayn al-Din. Fayd al-Qadir Sharh al-Jami‘ al-Saghir. Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tijariyyah al-Kubra, 1356 AH.
- Ibn Abi Hatim. Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Azim. Saudi Arabia: Maktabah Nizar Mustafa.
- Muqatil bin Sulayman. Tafsir Muqatil.
- Tha‘labi. Al-Kashf wa al-Bayan.
- Baydawi. Anwar al-Tanzil.
- The Qur’an.
- Ibn Kathir. Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Azim. Al-Maktabah al-Ilmiyyah.
- Abu Mansur Maturidi. Tafsir al-Maturidi.
- Qadi Thana Allah. Tafsir Mazhari.
- Rashid Rida. Tafsir al-Manar.
- Ibn Ashur. Al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. Tunis: Al-Dar al-Tunisiyyah.
- Abu Zahra, Muhammad bin Ahmad. Zahrat al-Tafasir.
- Tantawi, Muhammad Sayyid. Al-Tafsir al-Wasit. Cairo: Dar al-Nahdah, 1998.
- Mawardi, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Muhammad. Al-Hawi al-Kabir. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1999.
- Qurtubi. Al-Jami‘ li-Ahkam al-Qur’an. Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyyah, 1964.
- Al-Kiya al-Harrasi, Ali bin Muhammad. Ahkam al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1405 AH.
- Sarakhsi, Shams al-A’immah Muhammad bin Muhammad. Al-Mabsut. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, 1993.
- Kasani, Ala al-Din Abu Bakr bin Mas‘ud. Bada’i‘ al-Sana’i‘. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1986.
- Ibn Nujaym, Zayn al-Din bin Ibrahim. Al-Bahr al-Ra’iq. Dar al-Kitab al-Islami, n.d.
- Bayhaqi. Al-Sunan al-Kubra. Jama‘ Abwab Sadaqat al-Tatawwu‘, Hadith 7760.
- Zayla‘i, Fakhr al-Din. Tabyin al-Haqa’iq. Cairo: Al-Maktabah al-Kubra al-Amiriyyah, 1313 AH.
- Ibn al-Humam, Kamal al-Din. Fath al-Qadir. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
- Ibn Abidin. Radd al-Muhtar ‘ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1966.