غیر مقبوضہ اشیاء کی خریدوفروخت کی جائز و ناجائز صورتیں (ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ)
[LEGAL AND ILLEGAL FORMS OF BUYING AND SELLING UNOCCUPIED GOODS (A RESEARCH STUDY)]
Abstract
Sale of unoccupied goods refers to those goods which are not in the possession of the seller and the buyer, whether the thing is actually present or not, i.e. selling the thing before taking possession of it or the sale of something that does not exist, but it is to be bought from someone and given to the buyer. So all such cases are prohibited by Shariāh laws. However, the forms of possession can be different, so if that thing is countable, then possession will be by counting and if it is measurable, then possession will be by measuring and measuring. Additionally, the buyer will also move and store it in his premises. If the thing sold can be held in the hand, for example: jewels or books etc., then when Jupiter takes it in hand, it will be the rightful possession. If the thing sold cannot be transferred to another place, eg: houses, land and fruits on trees, etc., then its possession will be such that there is no obstacle for Jupiter to take control of the land and dispose of it like an owner. However, scholars and jurists have divided movable and immovable goods in terms of legal and illegal in the process of buying and selling non-occupied goods. It has been declared illegal to resell movable goods without taking them into possession after measuring and weighing them, but even in this, if a pile of grain has been sold with an estimate, it has been declared permissible to sell it without taking it into possession. And in the case of immovable goods such as land, houses, etc., it is permissible to sell them without taking them into possession. A legitimate form of sale of unoccupied goods is Bai' Salam, which is permitted subject to certain conditions, even though the Bai' is of a thing which the seller does not possess at the time of the transaction. There is proof in the Aaḥīth of the validity of Bai’ Salam, the main condition of which is that the buyer pays the full price in advance and the gender, characteristics and date and place of delivery of the seller are fixed
Keywords: Unoccupied things; Aaḥīth; Buyer; Seller; Bai` Salam; Prohibited; Land
Metadata Record
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